Ambassador
Use the form of address specified by the relevant foreign ministry, embassy or official protocol source. For formal events, verify the exact title rather than relying on a generic rule.
Protocol reference
How should I address…?
A cautious reference guide that tells you when formal verification matters.
Professor
Academic-title conventions vary by institution and country. Use the title the person professionally uses until invited to do otherwise.
Judge
Forms of address vary by jurisdiction and court. Verify the court's official guidance for formal correspondence or proceedings.
Doctor
Use the professional title where relevant and appropriate; conventions differ between medical, academic and social settings.
Minister
Official styles vary by country, office and occasion. Confirm through the relevant government or protocol office for high-stakes use.
Military Officer
Rank and service conventions matter. Verify current rank and the relevant armed-service protocol before formal use.
Religious Leader
Forms of address vary substantially by faith, office, tradition and jurisdiction. Verify from an authoritative source for formal events.